Brake



Aug. 23, 1938. w. H. PARNELL BRAKE Filed March 12 1937 s Sheets-Sheet 1 E MMLKiL i -W INVENTOR WALTER 1v, FAFMELL ATTORNEY.

Aug. 23, 1938.

W. H. PARNELL BRAKE Filed March 12, 1937 3 Shuts-Sheet 3 flivamoxp W047i h. PARNELL ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 23,1938

UNITED? STATES BRAKE" Walter H. Parnell, Brooklyn, N. Y., asslgnor of one-half to Jacob Silverstein, New York, N. Y.

Application March 12, 1937, Serial No. 130,460

Claims.

This invention relates to brakes.

The objector the invention is the production ofa brake which travels in a direction opposite to the member with which it coacts.

The second object ofthe invention is the'production of a brake which revolves when functioning. v i k a The third object of the invention is to production of a brake which avoids the sudden 10 locking thereof and thereby avoids the skidding of a vehicle. i i i The fourth object of the invention is the production of a revolving brake, which contacting with a rotating drum, provides increased frictional contact with the drum in an interval of time.

The fifth object of the invention is the production of a moveable brake, which is not only applicable to the brake drum of a vehicle, but

90 which can actwith a moveable objecthaving a that surface.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 shows a partial side elevation 01' an exempliflcation of a revolving brake, with one of the rear wheelsofa g5 vehicle to which it is attached, and sections'of Fig. 2 on the line i, I and la, la; Fig. 2 represents a section oi Fig. 1 as on the line 2, 2; Fig. 3 indicates a section 01 Fig. l on the line 2, 2; Fig. 4 shows, a fragmentary portion of Fig. 2 on s. a reduced scaleand diagrammatic portions of the brake of the invention; Fig. 5 is a plan view of an oil guard disc and Fig,-6 shows a sectionof Fig.

5 on" the line B; 6.

Reierringto Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, the revolving 3 brake is indicated as applied to the rear of a motor vehicle. The rear axle of the vehicle is shown at and one of the-rear wheels isindicated at 2i. The hub 22 of said rear wheel'is indicated with spokes, one of which is indicated 40 at 23. The wheel 2i having the tire 2la is keyed to the shaft 20 by means of the key 24.- The hub plate 28 is indicated with the threaded sleeve 29 which supports in threaded engagement the hub 7 cap 30, which encloses the nut ll of the axle 20. One of. the brake drums of the rear wheels of the vehicle is indicated in its entirety by the numeral 35. 'Each brake drum at its inner end has integral therewith the supporting flange 31, and at its outer end is shown the clamping 5 wall 38. Rivets 39 connect the wall 38, hub 22 and the-plate 28, and the bolts 40 connect the wall 38, the spokes 23 and the hub plate 28'. 7

An internal ring gear 42 is bolted to the flange 31 by means of the bolts 43, and the said ring gear 42 inesheswith the pinions I59, to be hereinafter described. The 'rear axle housing 44 is indicated with the exterior thread 45 at one end thereof. The said housing 44 has the wall 46 at right angles to its longitudinal axis and from the latter extends the drum 41, which latter with 5 the said wall 40 provides a housing for the mechanism of the brake A supporting collar 48 with adjusting openings 42a, of which one is shown, engages the thread 45 of the axle housing 44. In the drum 4'! is indicated an opening 49 for adjusting the lift rod J50 to be hereinafter described. a a

A cover plate 50 is detachably fastened to the drum 41, by means of theboits 5i. A'gasket is shown at 52 and is positioned between the said cover plate and thedrum 41. The saddle 54 is integral with the housing 44. Atop plate is shown at 55 and a spring of the vehicle is shown at 56. The usual U bolts 5'! connect the axle housing 44, the saddle 54 and the top plate55. I

A stationary supporting barrel 60, at one end has the disc 61, integral therewith, and bears upon the collar 48 at its other end; An oil hole 62 in the barrel connects with the oil hole 63 in the disc 8i. A screw plug 04 is indicated at one end of the oil hole82 and an oil cup 65 is'shown at the outer end of the oil hole 62. Openings 66 extend from the outer circumferential face of the barrel and lead to the hole 82. Apairof supporting brackets 80 and a guide bracket 10 having the lug "H with an opening extend from the disc 6|. 7 A roller bearing housing 12 is indicated in threaded engagement with the axle housing 44, and a retaining pin 14 looks the housing 12 in operative position. A detachable clamping ring 15 is bolted to the housing 12. The ring" has. integral therewith the tapered bearing surface a 11. The races of the roller bearing are indicated at 10 and 10 for the roller bearings 80., A washer Ii encircles the axle 20 and bears between the roller bearings 80 and the hub 22. The disc 6| is fastened to the wall 40 of the rear axle housing 44 by the bolts 82.

A sleeve 83 having the annular flange 84 is I journaled on the stationary supporting barrel 60, and an annular plate 85 bears against the flange 84. A stop collar 08 is fastenedto the barrel 60, by means of the set screws 89, at one end of the sleeve 53, and a stop collar is in threaded en gagementwith the other end clothe barrel 60. A

pin 93 locks the collar 90 to the barrel 60-and a set screw bears against the pin 93. I

- A thrust collar I00 is slidably supported on the rotatingslee've 82, and a pair of feathers IOI are collar I00. The latter has integral therewith the circumferential flange I02. The thrust collar ring I 04 bears on the outer circumferential surface of the thrust collar I and against the inner face of the flange I02. A pair of diametrically opposite pins I00 extend from the thrust collar ring I04. A lug I00 extends from the thrust collar ring I04, and an adjusting pin I01 has the clamping nut I01a in adjustable threaded engagement with the disc 0| and passes through the wall 40. The pin I01 bears against the lug I00. A pair of guide brackets I00 each having'a uide slot I00, with the tapered openings IIO extend from the ring I04. A clamping bolt H2 is provided for each of the brackets I00. An annular plate H0 is fastened to the thrust collar I00, by means of the bolts H0. The springs II1 bear between the thrust collar I00 and the annular plate 00. Cups IIO extend from the thrust collar I00 and cups IIO extend from the plate 00 for the springs II1.

A pair of links I20 are pivoted at one end of each of the .pins I00. *An actuating shaft I20 having the threaded's'hank I20 at one end is iournaled in the supporting brackets 00. Arms I00 are, indicated with the hubs Ill and the latter are fastened to the shaft I20. The lower end of each arm I00 has the bifurcated end I04, which is pivoted to one of the links I20 by the pin I00. 7

A plate I00 is bolted to the outer face of the drum 41 and has extending therefrom the flexible bushing I01, which latter extends through an opening in said drum 41. A shaft extension I40 extends through the bushing I01 and has formed therewith the threaded opening I4:I at one end, which engages the threaded shank I20. A lock washer I42 on the shank I29 locks the shaft I20 and the extension I40 to each other.

A collar I40 is integral with one end of the extension I40. An actuating lever I44 has one end supported on the extension I40 and bears against the collar I40. A nut I40 is in threaded engagement with the outer end of the shaft extension I40 and a lock washer I41 encircles the extension I40. v

A cam I40 is keyed to the actuating shaft I20. A lift rod I00 is shown with the heel IOI, which latter bears on the cam I40. A supporting head I00 is in threaded engagement with the upper end of the lift rod I00, and a nut I 04 locks the .head I00 to the rod I00. A pinion gear supporting ring I00 is rotatively supported on the annular flange 04, and has formed therewith the corrugated outer circumferential surfaces I00. Three bolts each having the flange collar I00, are keyed to and extend through the ring I00, and each of said bolts has journaled thereon a pinion gear I00.

A supporting bracket I00 is bolted to the wall 40 and is provided with a clamping screw I 0|. A pull cable I02 has one end fastened to the lever I44 and its'other end is attached to the brake pedal of the vehicle not shown.

An external ring gear I00 is supported on the rotating sleeve 00, and the said ring gear I00 meshes with the pinion gears I00.

An annular shaped oil guard disc, preferably of compressed felt, is indicated at I 00a, see Figs.

1, 5 and 8, and is shown with the depressed por-- tion I001), the flange I000 and the openings I00d and I00e. The said oil guard disc I00a is fastened to the gear I00 by screws, not shown, extending through the openings Mile. The openings I00d provlde clearances for the heads "I of the push rods I10, to be described.

.An annular plate I04 ispositioned between the annular flange 04 and the ring gear I00. Bolts I00 clamp the ring gear I00, the annular plate 04 and the annular said slot are concentric with the axis of the axle 20, and the said supporting ring I14 is'held' in place or position by means of the bolts I10. One end of each of the bolts I is in threaded engagement with the disc 0I and locked thereto by the nut I11. The other end of the bolts I10 extends through the supporting ring I14 and each are clamped in place by the nuts I10. A pair of the bolts I10 slidably extend through the outer ends of the brackets I00, preventing the thrust collar ring I04 from turning with the thrust collar I00.

A rock shaft I00 having the collar I00 integral therewith, and the collar I01 connected thereto, has one of its ends seated in the disc 0i, and its other end. extends through the supporting ring I14. A rocker I 00 is fastened to the rock shaft I00. A link I08 has one end pivoted to the rocker I00. I

A brake band I00 at one end has integral therewith the bifurcated arm having the members IOI, the latter having the openings I02 and the openings for the pin I00. The link I00 connects the rocker I00 and the pin I90 of the arm having the bifurcated members IOI. The lower end of the brake band I00'has integral therewith the lug I04.

A second brake band 200 has integral therewith at its upper end the bifurcated arm having the members 20I, similar to 'IOI. In the upper ends of the arms "I are the openings 202,

and in the lower end of said arms 20I are open lugs for the pin 200.

200 has the flat head 200 at one end and supports the detachable spacing collar 2I0 and one of the said brake bands I00 or 200. Nuts 2 and 2I Ia are provided for the bolts 200. A washer is shown at 2I2 for the nut 2I I, and a similar washer is provided for the nut 2| Ia. By means of the slot I the lugs I04 and 200 can be fastened different distances apart to'take up the wear of the brake bands I00 and 200.

A lever 2I0 having the hook'end 2" is keyed to the rock shaft I00 A spring 2I0 extends between the hook end 2I1 and the lug 1| of the guide bracket 10.

To the rotating sleeve 00 are detachably bolted three curved clamping plates 220 having tapered end walls 22I, by means of the bolts 222. Upon 229 is at right'angles to and integral I each brake shoe 230. A pair of springs 234 have each one end connected to each of the brake shoes 230, and their other ends 'are connected to their adjacent supporting brackets 220. A bifurcated bracket having the members 235 extends from each of the said brake shoes 230. A

ternal ring gear 42 turns the pinion gears I55.

' brake drum 35.

pin 236 is supported in the members 235.

Between the faces of the guide plates 220 of each anchor bracket 22. is slidably positioned the crcsahead 240, having the guide extension: 241. The pin 235 extends through the bracket 235 and the crosshead 240. A bifurcated lug 244 is integralwith or fastened to each supporting plate 224 and a bell crank having the arms-51nd 241 is pivoted in each lug 244. The heads "I of the push rods I10 are adapted to bear against theadjacent arms240. A lever 252 having the am 253 andthe arm with the bifurcated eye end 253, is pivoted to each of the brackets 220 by the pivot 254a. Each .pair of the. arms 253 bear against the adjacent arm 241. A pairof links 255 is pivoted to each brake shoe 230 by means of the pin 250.. Each of the links 255 has the threaded shank 250, which is in threaded engagement with the body of the bracket 235, and is adjustably clamped in position by the jam nut 250. Each of the links 255 is pivoted to the adjacent lever 252 at its eye end 253, by means of the pivot 25L v I It will be noted that the curved clamping plates 220 fastened to the rotating sleeve 03, permit the removal and replacement of one or more of the concavo-convex supporting plates 224 with their individual brake. shoes 230 and their appurtenances supported thereon.

Referring toFigs. 1, 2 and 3 and the rear axle of the vehicle, to clamp the brake bands I and v 200, against the pinion gear supporting ring I55, theoperator pulls the pull cable I52 in the direction of the arrow A, Fig. l, which swings the actuating lever I44 and thereby the actuating shaft I20 is swung counter clockwise. Thereby the cam I 40 raises the liftrod I50, and the lever H6 is swung upwardly; which partially turns the rock shaft I05. Bythis means the rocker I80 is swung in the direction of the arrow B, Fig. 3. Thereby the links I85 and 205 move in opposite directions and the brake bands I50 and 200 are drawn towards each other to tightly clamp them against the pinion gear supporting ring I55.

It will be noted the brake bands I00 and 200 when actuated by the cam I40 remain clamped, against the pinion gear supporting ring-l55, and thereby prevent rotation of the said pinion gear. supporting ring I55.

At the time the brake drum 35 is turning the in- Ihereby the external ring gear" I53 is turned, which turns the rotating sleeve 03 in a direction opposite to the rotation of the brake drum 35.

It will be noted the oil guard disc l03a, prevents grease or oil entering the interior of the latter are-moved in the direction of the'arrow'C,

Fig. 1, and thereby the bell cranks having the arms 240 and 241 are swung down. The arms 241 Fig. 2, bear against the arms 253 of the levers 252 and the bifurcated eye ends 254 move the links 2 55, by means of which the brake shoes 230 are moved and the brake linings 252' are brought to bear against the inner face brake drum 35.

It will be noted the brakeshoes 230 with their brake linings 232 are brought to bear against the inner face of the brakedrum 35, by means that bear the surface of the brake lining 232 on each brake shoe 230 evenly against the surface of the brake drum 35.

By adjusting the nuts 250 the distance between the brake drum 35 and the brake shoes 230 can be varied. to function one or more of the said brake shoes 230 with the brake drum II.

To release the brake shoes 230 from the brake drum 35. the operator releases the pull cable I32,

of the and the tension of the-springs 234, pull the brake shoes 230 from the drum 35. At the same time the tension of the springs II1 move the thrust collar. I00, in the direction of the arrow B, Fig. '1, by means of which the cam I40 permits the lift rod I50 to be lowered by the tensionof the spring 2I0. swings clock-wise, and the brake band's I30 and 200 are released from clamping the pinion gear supporting ring I55, and the rotating sleeve 53 stops turning in a direction opposite to the ratation of the drum 35. I

By means of the nut' I54 oi the lift'rod I50, the supporting head I53 can be vertically adjusted to vary the circumferential contact of the brake bands I90 and 200 withthe pinion gear supporting ring I55.

By means of the bolts 203 and in thesupporting ring I14, the distance between the lower ends of the brake bands I 50 and 200 can be varied.

By means of the adiusting'pin I01, the thrust collar ring I04 is located in operative position.

It will be noted that the distance between the thrust collar ring I04 and the pin I35 may be varied 'by substitution of a similar link 255 for said link I25. I

In case the disc BI is to be removed from the end wall 46, without changing the adjusted position of the pin I01, the clamping nut mm is unscrewed from said pin I01 to allow the latter to be withdrawn with the disc 0i It is to be further noted that the brakeshocs 230 are not revolving with the rotation of the brake drum' 35, when the brake bands I90 and 200, Fig. 3, are not in contact with their meeting pinion gear supporting ring I55, Fig. 1.

It is also to be noted that the brake shoes :30 are revolving with the rotation of the brake drum 35, when the brake bands I90 and 200 are in contact their coacting pinion gear supporting ring I55.

14, the roller bearing housing 12, the bolts 02,

the slot 115, v

By this means the rock shaft I ill) their appurtenances. 4

It will be noticed that the rotating sleeve 83, on removal of the pin 93, the collar 90 and the links I25, can be removed with its appurtenances.

Various modifications may be made in the invention and the present exemplifications are to be taken as illustrative andlnot limitative thereof.

Having described the invention I claim:

l. The combination of abrake drum, an internal ring gear fastened to the brake drum, a plurality of pinions in mesh withsaid internal ring gear, an axle housing, an axle in saidhousing, a wheel fastened to the outer end of said axle, saidrdrum fastened to said wheel, a supporting barrel fastened to said axle housing, a sleeve rotatively supported on said barrel, stop collars on said supporting barrel to maintain said sleeve in position, means to lubricate the bearing surface of said sleeve, an external'ring gear supported on said sleeve, an annular flange for said sleeve, said external .ring gear fastened to said annular flange, the latter gear in mesh with said pinions, a pinion gear supporting ring rotatively supported on said annular flange, a detachable annular plate fastened to said annular flange to maintain said pinion gear supporting ring in position, axle bolts fastened to the pinion gear supporting ring and rotatively supporting said pinions, brake bands coacting with said pinion gear supporting ring, means to contact said brake bands with said pinion gear supporting ring, means to release said bands from said contact with the pinion gear supporting ring, brake shoes in connection with said sleeve, brake linings for said brake shoes, means to contact the brake shoes with the brake drum and release them therefrom, and an oil guard disc fastened to said external ring gear.

2. The combination of a brake drum, an axle housing coaxial with the brake drum, said housing having a wall at right angles thereto, a rotatable axle in said housing, connections between the axle and the brake drum to rotate the latter,

a supporting barrel having a disc at one end thereof supported on the axle housing, said barrel detachably fastened to said wall, a sleeve rotatively and detachably supported on said barrel, means to maintain said sleeve in position, means interposed between said brake drum and said sleeve to rotate the sleeve at a speed different from the speed of the brake drum, a supporting ring connected to said disc, brake bands supported on said supporting ring, said brake bands coacting with the means interposed between the brake drum and sleeve, brake shoes in slidable relation with said sleeve, means to contact said brake shoes with said brake drum and means to release the same.

3. The combination of a brake drum, a sleeve,

means to rotate the sleeve at a speed different than the rotation of the brake drum, means to stop the sleeve from rotating with the brake drum, brake shoes in slidable relation with said sleeve, means to contact said brake shoes with said brake drum, and means to release said brake shoes from the said brake drum.

4. The combination of a rotating brake drum, a sleeve, means to rotate the sleeve in a direction opposite to the direction of the rotation of the brake drum, means to stop the sleeve from rotating with the brake drum, brake shoes in moveable relation with said sleeve, means to conand the shaft extension I40, can be removed with tact said brake shoes with said brake drum and means to release said brake shoes from said brake drum.

5 The combination of the wheel of a'vehicle, a brake drum fastened to the wheel, a gear rotating with-the 'drum,'a-n axle connected to said wheel, an axle housing supporting said axle, said housing having a wall at right angles thereto, a drum extending from said wall, a supporting barrel encircling said housing, a disc for 'the supporting barrel, a sleeve rotatively supported on said barrel, means to lubricate the bearing surface of said sleeve, an annular'fiange for saidv sleeve, a pinion gear supporting ring rotatively supported on said annular flange of the sleeve, means to maintain the pinion gear supporting ring in position, a brake band to engage the said pinion gear supporting ring, means to contact the brake 'band with said pinion gear supporting-ring and to release it therefrom, bolts extending from the pinion gear supporting ring, pinions journaled on said bolts, said pinions in mesh with said gear and rotating with said drum. a second gear supported on the said sleeve, said second gear fastened to the said annular flange thereof and'in mesh with said pinions, an oil guard disc fastened to said second gear, a plurality of concavo-convex supporting plates supported on said sleeve, a-pair of anchor brackets extending from each of said concavo-convex supporting plates, a guide plate for each anchor bracket, a crosshead slidably positioned between each pair of anchor brackets, means to maintain said crosshead in position, a brake shoe opposite each pair of anchor brackets, a bifurcated bracket extending from each brake shoe, a pin connecting each crosshead with its accompanying bifurcated bracket, a lever pivoted to each 'anchor bracket, a link for each lever having one end pivoted'thereto, each of said links in pivotal connection with one end of said brake shoes, means to vary the length of said links and clamping plates fastened to said sleeve and engaging said concavo-convex supporting plates, said brake shoes coacting with said brake drum.

6. The combination of a brake drum, a brake coacting with the brake drum, means torevolve the brake with the rotations of the brake drum, an actuating shaft adjacent to the brake drum, means to oscillate said shaft, a rock shaft adjacent to the actuating shaft, 9, pair of brake bands adjacent to the brake drum, a cam fastened to the actuating shaft, a lever fastened to the rock shaft, a'lift rod interposed between the said cam and said lever, a rocker fastened to the rock shaft, a pair of links each having one end pivoted to said rocker, the other ends of said links pivoted to the brake bands, a spring having one end connected to said lever, said lever hearing on the upper end of said lift rod, and the lower end of said lift rod bearing on the said cam, means to vary the length of said lift rod, a supporting ring adjacent to the said brake bands,

said brake bands pivoted to said supporting ring, said supporting ring having a slot to adjust the brake bands to or from each other, a pinion gear supporting ring adjacent to the supporting ring, means to contact the brake bands with said pinion gear supporting ringand means to release the same, a slidable thrust collar adjacent to the brakedrum, connections between the actuating shaft and the thrust collar to slidably move the thrust collar, a plurality of springs having each one end bearing against said thrust collar to return the thrust collar to its original position, con- 7 nections interposed between the thrust collar and brake drum, connections between the actuating shaft and the thrust collar, means to adjust the position and limit the movement of the thrust collar, a thrust collar ring supported on the thrust collar, means to adjust and limit. the movement of the thrust collar ring and said thrust collar in one direction, slidable push rods positioned adjacent to said push rods with said thrust collar, a bell crank pivoted adjacent to each push rod, an arm of the bell crank swung in one direction by its adjacent push rod, a pair of levers each pivoted adjacent to the other arm of said bell crank, one of the arms of each of said levers swung by its coaction. with one of the arms of said bell crank, a link having one end pivoted to the other arm of said lever, the other ends of said links pivoted to the brake, means to vary the length of said links and springs each having one and connected to said brake to release it from said brake drum.

8. The combination of a rotating brake drum, a brake for the brake drum, means to revolve the brake in a direction opposite to the rotation of the brake drum, an actuating shaft, means to oscillate said shaft, a thrust collar, a thrust collar ring supported on the thrust cqliar, means interposed between said shaft and said thrust collar to slide the latter with the oscillations of the shaft, means to adjust the position and limit the movement of the thrust collar ring and the said thrust collar and means interposed between the thrust collar and said brake to move the latter with a movement of the thrust collar.

9. The combination of a rotating brake drum,

a brake for the brake drum. means to revolve the a brake in a direction opposite to the rotation of the brake drum, means to release or stop the said brake from revolving in said direction. an actuating shaft adjacent to the brake drum, means to oscillate said shaft, an axle housing extending into the brake drum, said housing having a wall at right angles thereto, a disc fastened to said wall, a supporting barrel in connection with said disc supported on the axle housing, a pair of brackets extending from said disc supporting the actuating shaft, a supporting ring in connection with said disc, a pair of brake bands having one end of each pivoted to said ring, connections between said actuating shaft and said brake bands to move the latter to or from each other, means to adjust the brake bands to or from each other, a sleeve rotatively and detachably supported on said barrel, a thrust collar slidably supported on said sleeve, connections between the actuating shaft and said thrust collar to move said thrust collar from and to said disc, a thrust collar ring supported on said thrust collar, connections between said thrust collar ring and said disc to maintain said thrust collar ring in a non-rotative position, brake shoes for the brake, brake linings for the brake shoes, connections interposed between the thrust collar and said brake shoes to move said brake shoes with their linings into contact with the brake drum andto release the same and a drum for the said wall enclosing the thrust collar, the brake bands and their appurtenances.

10. In combination a brake drum, means to turn the brake drum, a brake within the brake drum, connections between the brake drum and the brake to revolve the latter, an actuating shaft spaced from the brake coacting with said connections to start, reverse or stop the revolutions of the brake, connections between the actuating shaft and the brake to force the latter to bear against. the brake drum and means to release the brake from the brake drum.

WALTER H. PARNELL. 

